Phyllochron variability and cutting management practices on the agronomic potential of sorghum

Authors

Keywords:

biomass accumulation, dry matter, leaf area performance, leaf emergence, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench

Abstract

The phyllochron is an indispensable parameter associated with the potential production of sorghum. Accordingly, management practices applied directly in the sorghum crop, such as the cutting technique, provide the ability of plants to regrowth and reestablish the performance of vegetative and reproductive development of plants based on the stimulation of growth in the photosynthetically active area. Appropriately, the aim of this study was to evaluate the alterations in phyllochron and leaf emission rates expressed by the implementation of cutting management practices in sorghum plants from high and low-quality seeds. The study was performed in the experimental and didactic area of ​​the Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS) – Ibirubá campus, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized and the treatments were plants from higher (HQS) and lower (LQS) quality seeds and two-season crops (2015/16 and 2016/17) with eight replications. The mean phyllochron (°C day leaf-1), height (cm), main stem diameter (cm), number of nodes, dry mass (kg ha-1), and number of tillers were evaluated as a strategy to verify the performance of each treatment. Furthermore, meteorological data obtained from an automatic station was required to calculate phyllochron and evapotranspiration (ETc). Finally, this study indicated that the diameter of the stem and tillers is directly associated with the accumulation of a dry mass of the crop, based on the results of biomass productivity. Moreover, it was demonstrated that forage sorghum plants derived from HQS indicated a higher capacity to accumulate photoassimilates, stimulating the production of dry mass.

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Author Biographies

  • Mr., Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul

    Graduated in Agronomy from the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul - Campus Ibirubá (2020). Master's student (2020/1) in the Graduate Program in Phytotechnics at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, with a concentration in Genetic Resources, Biotechnology and Plant Breeding. He has experience in research with soybean, wheat, black and white oat, forage sorghum and millet seeds, crop rotation and nutrient sources, has taught short courses based on seed quality analysis and has participated in oral presentations and field days.

  • Dr., Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul, Campus Ibirubá

    Degree in Agronomy from the Federal University of Santa Maria (2006), Agricultural Technician from the Federal Agrotechnical School of São Vicente do Sul, Master and Doctor in Science from the Postgraduate Program in Seed Science and Technology at the Federal University of Pelotas. Has experience in Agronomy, with emphasis on Seed Science and Technology, Management and Cultural Practices and Physiology of Cultivated Plants, working mainly on the following topics: physiological quality of seeds and crop performance, seed treatment, crop management and post-harvest grains and seeds. Is he currently a Professor at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul? IFRS? Campus Ibirubá, responsible for the Coordination of the Technical Course in Agriculture from 2011-2012, Grain Production 2012-2013, Extension Coordination 2013-2015, Coordinator of the Agronomy Course from February 2016 to January 2021.

  • Dr., Federal University of Santa Maria

    Agronomist from the Federal University of Santa Maria - UFSM (2008). Master in Agricultural Engineering - UFSM (2010). PhD in Agricultural Engineering - UFSM (2013), with a sandwich doctoral period at the Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal. Graduated in the Special Graduation Program for the training of teachers for professional education at UFSM. He was a researcher at the State Agricultural Research Foundation (FEPAGRO) in the area of Irrigation and Drainage. He was a professor at the Instituto Federal Rio Grande do Sul, (IFRS campus Ibirubá). He currently works as a Professor at UFSM, in the discipline of Irrigation and Drainage. He has experience in agricultural and soil engineering, working mainly on the following topics: water management in agricultural systems, crop water needs and deficit irrigation.

  • Dr., Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul, Campus Ibirubá

    Graduated in Agronomy from the Federal University of Santa Maria (2013), graduated in the Special Graduate Program for Teacher Training for P Education from the Federal University of Santa Maria (2017), Master's in Agricultural Engineering from the Federal University of Santa Maria (2016 ) and a PhD in Agricultural Engineering from the Federal University of Santa Maria (2019). He is currently a professor at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul and Coordinator of the Technical Course in Agriculture Integrated to High School. He has experience in the field of Agricultural Engineering and Agronomy.

  • Mr., Federal University of Santa Maria

    Agronomist and Master in Agricultural Engineering from the Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM). Graduated from the Special Graduate Program for Teacher Training for Professional Education (PEG), UFSM. Currently, he is a fellow of the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), at the Doctoral level, by the Graduate Program in Agricultural Engineering (PPGEA), UFSM. Member of the Laboratory of Agroindustrial Process Engineering (LAPE) and conducts research in partnership with the Biotec Factory Laboratory. During the master's degree, he worked on the following topics: reuse of agricultural biomass and adoption and potentialization of clean technologies to obtain compounds of interest in agricultural bioproducts for the production of biofuels. During his doctorate, he is working on topics related to the prospection of microorganisms and the development of bioinsecticides for the control of caterpillars in soybean and cotton crops. He is a member of innovative science and technology projects of the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS) and of universal projects of the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq). Member of the editorial board of international journals with a high impact factor and reviewer of national and international journals related to agriculture and sustainability.

  • Miss, Federal University of Santa Maria

    Studying a PhD in Agricultural Engineering-PPGEA-Federal University of Santa Maria-UFSM, in the line of Research in Water and Soil Engineering. She is an academic at the Special Graduate Program for Teacher Training for Professional Education-PEG, at the Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM). She has a Master's degree in Energy Engineering in Agriculture-PPGEA-UNIOESTE / Cascavel, in the research line of Biomass and energy crops, specific in the area of ​​Soil Physics. She has a degree in Agricultural Engineering from the State University of West Paraná - UNIOESTE (2018). With experience in Agricultural Engineering, where she was a monitor in Strength of Materials and Theory of Structures (2016). He works with soils, working mainly on the following topics: Impact of the use of cover species on the structure of an Oxisol with reflections on the yield of soybeans, Impact of the use of Crop Management and Rotation Systems on the Structure of an Oxisol under No-tillage System, Efficacy of Management Systems and cover species in reducing water and soil losses and improving the quality of an Oxisol. She did an internship at the Solo-LAFIS Physics Laboratory at Unioeste / Cascavel. He carried out voluntary work for the purpose of improving and knowledge in soils at the Soil Physics Laboratory-LAFIS at Unioeste/Cascavel, where he developed activities together with the Agronomic Institute of Paraná - IAPAR, with emphasis on activities to collect deformed and undisturbed soil samples. , determination of soil density and pore space, granulometric analysis, hydraulic conductivity of saturated soil as well as assistance in the implementation and conduct of research projects (02/17/2014 to 08/15/2014 and 08/03/2015 to 30 /12/2016). She participated in two scientific initiations with an emphasis on soils (2015 and 2017). She participates in the Research Group "Water Management in Agricultural Systems" (2022) at the Federal University of Santa Maria.

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2023-03-23

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Vol. 19 No. 1 (2023): Colloquium Agrariae Publicação Contínua (Continuous Publishing)

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Phyllochron variability and cutting management practices on the agronomic potential of sorghum. (2023). Colloquium Agrariae. ISSN: 1809-8215, 19(1), 86-104. https://journal.unoeste.br/index.php/ca/article/view/4516